LAST EDITED ON Jun-07-15 AT 07:47AM (MST)[p]LAST EDITED ON Jun-07-15 AT 07:45?AM (MST)
I don't think the choice that one is better than the other is supported by any studies. The actual situation is the most crucial thing in your decision making. I have carried spray and firearms in bear country. During hunting season, I will always use my rifle first with the scoped turned down to 4 power. When hiking in the Spring and Fall, I carry a large caliber revolver with bear loads (I think the bullets are made in Riverton, Wyoming). It is sighted in for very close range (like 20 ft). While camping out, spray is available. Always hang meat and your food a good distance from camp. I always laugh when I see some nimrod in the backcountry, during hunting season, carrying a rifle, a revolver and bear spray.
I think spray is very effective for bears that are just inquisitive or that get too close to you or your camp. That being said, pepper spray is worthless in windy conditions and it does degrade over time when stored. Make sure you always have a fresh canister if that is what you are going to rely on. Having one that has been rolling around in a drawer for years, waiting for the next hunt in grizzly country, might not work.
The best defense is being aware at all times. Watch your back trail. If you hear something odd, stop and listen to the direction. If you smell something funky like a carcass, your awareness needs to go up a couple of notches. When either situation arises, my firearm is up and at the ready. When hiking, it sits in a Ringler Combination holster on my chest. Make sure the leather strap holding it in the holster can be easily popped on and off. If you are in heavy cover, pay attention. If a bear charges or you get too close to one, you absolutely can't run. I have faced down a couple of close encounters by facing the bear head on and trying to look large. That isn't very hard for a one eyed fat man. I have been told, that if a bear has his ears up, starts cocking his head back and forth or looks like he is yawning, LOOK OUT. When they stand up on their back legs, that is usually not an aggressive posture. I had a sow do this while standing behind a yearling cub she was with. The cub was way more aggressive than the sow. They were 25 yards away. After 30 minutes, they backed off and ran. I enjoyed watching them pop brush and run away going right through an outfitter and two dudes on horseback on an adjacent ridge.
I think the real BS that comes from the pepper spray vs. gun argument involves an actual attack. If a bear attacks you, chances are you just won't have the firearm ready or the spray out. The folks I know who were mauled, killed the bear after they were mauled the first time. Both attacks involved sows. One used a pistol and the other a rifle. Both never really saw the first attack coming. One of the fellows was an experienced backcountry hunter and the other was new to the area.
The BYU professor (Smith) who authored a couple of studies on the issue of firearm vs. spray has recently said that only a fool, when confronted by a charging bear, would use spray when he has a rifle in his hands. If a bear attacks me and gives me an opening, he is going to be shot. I have had bears within 10 ft. of me and never had to shoot one. I did kill a very large black bear with my .41 magnum in Idaho at close range during a Spring season. I still carry this firearm while hiking.
When hiking and hunting, I always have my Eberlestock "Just One" pack on. I don't need it while hiking, but I figure if a bear gets a hold of me it might protect my vitals if I roll onto my stomach during an attack. The metal stays in the internal frame pack would be hard to just bite through. I also always have trekking poles with me for stability when walking. I am right handed and never loop the right pole over my hand. It allows me to access my handgun quickly and I believe that I might swing the pole down on a charging bear's nose if their is no time to do anything else. Obviously, that would not be a perfect solution.
The best advice is be careful and smart and never let your guard down in grizzly country. If you feel your life is in jeopardy, do what you have to do. If you are out with Chris Servheen of the USFWS, just push him out in front of you and follow his lead unless he runs. Just kidding.
just sayin...mh